01
政治上宣布恢复“阿富汗伊斯兰酋长国”,并公布了新国旗。我们看经济学人是怎么说的:
The Taliban said they would declare the restoration of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan—the name they gave their regime established in the 1990s, which was swept away by America in 2001, following the September 11th attacks by al-Qaeda, the jihadist group harboured by the Taliban.
塔利班表示,他们将宣布恢复“阿富汗伊斯兰酋长国”,这是他们20世纪90年代建立政权时使用的国名。2001年,在塔利班庇护的圣战组织“基地组织”发动“9·11”事件后,该政权在美国的打击下垮台。
1. 长难句分析:The Taliban said是主谓,they would declare the restoration of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan是said的宾语从句,the name是the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan的补充说明成分,算同位语,they gave their regime established in the 1990s是name的定语从句,可以还原为they gave their regime established in the 1990s the name(给……起名字,翻译的时候按专业背景知识翻译更好),其中established in the 1990s是过去分词作regime的后置定语。
which was swept away by America in 2001是regime的定语从句,following the September 11th attacks by al-Qaeda是which was swept away by America in 2001的时间状语,the jihadist group是al-Qaed的同位语,harboured by the Taliban是group的的后置定语。
2. Taliban:“塔利班”(Taliban)是普什图语“塔里布”(Talib)的复数形式,意为伊斯兰宗教学校学生。因此,“塔利班”一词原本不具有政治含义,直到1994年阿富汗塔利班运动兴起并于1996年夺取喀布尔政权后,“塔利班”这个词汇才具有了特殊的政治内涵,成为了一种伊斯兰原教旨主义运动组织的代称。(百度百科)
3. Islamic:美 /ɪzˈlæmɪk/伊斯兰教的,如the Islamic world伊斯兰世界,Islamic fundamentalism伊斯兰教原教旨主义。
4. Emirate:美 /ˈemərət/ 酋长国,近义词sheikhdom。
5. 一词多义:regime美 /reɪˈʒiːm/有多个意思,总结如下:
A. 统治、政权。如the collapse of the Fascist regime at the end of the war. 战争结束时法西斯统治的崩溃。The UK has refused to recognize the new regime. 英国已拒绝承认这个新的政权。
B. 制度、管理方式a method or system of organizing or managing sth组织方法;如Mr Trump’s tariff regime特朗普关税制度。还比如牛津词典上这句:Our tax regime is one of the most favourable in Europe. 我们的税收管理体制是欧洲最受欢迎的税收体制之一。
还如《经济学人精读:996工作,还是“努力工作,尽情玩乐”?| 外刊双语》上这句:Their beef is the “996” regime, which refers to a work schedule of 9am to 9pm, six days a week, often without extra pay. 他们抱怨的是“996工作制”,即朝九晚九,一周工作六天,通常无加班费。
C. 养生法,如柯林斯词典中这句:He has a new fitness regime to strengthen his back. 他有一套新的健康养生法来加强他的背部力量。
今天这里是A层意思,表示政权。我们看看背景知识:阿富汗伊斯兰酋长国(英语:The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan),阿富汗曾用国名,使用时间为1997年10月至2001年。2021年8月19日,塔利班宣布成立“阿富汗伊斯兰酋长国”,并公布“国旗”样式。(百度百科)
6. 一词多义:sweep away有多个意思,总结如下:
A. 表示扫除,如扫除垃圾sweep away the rubbish。
B. 表示清除,破除,相当于remove,如sweep away/remove tariff barriers清除关税壁垒。
还比如金融时报上这句:If you ever needed a good reason to sweep away planning restrictions and engineer a housing crash, this is it. 如果你真的曾经需要一个好理由来破除规划限制,制造房市崩盘,这就是了。
今天这里就是B层意思。
7. following:这个在《经济学人:诺贝尔文学奖得主,有何特别之处?| 外刊双语》中详细讲过:
Following一般跟时间或事件表示“随着”,“自...以来”,“……后”,具体要根据语境来翻译。比如2016年高斋翻译班讲过的这个2015年11月CATTI三级笔译真题:Following the Irish War of Independence and the subsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty, Ireland gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1922. 爱尔兰独立战争结束,随后签署了《英爱条约》,于1922年脱离联合王国获得了独立。
还比如经济学人中这两句:Following the suspension of the award last year in the wake of a sexual-abuse scandal, on October 10th the Swedish Academy announced the winners of both the 2018 and 2019 medals. 去年因性侵丑闻,瑞典文学院暂停颁发诺贝尔文学奖。今年10月10日,文学院宣布了2018年和2019年诺贝尔文学奖得主。
Google and Facebook both weathered notable bumps following their stock-market debuts. 谷歌和Facebook上市后都经历过大风大浪。
还如这段对《哪吒》的介绍:"Ne Zha" fever quickly spread on social media following its release, with the film's title soon becoming one of the hottest hashtags on China's Twitter-like Weibo on the opening day, accumulating/logging more than 1.5 billion views and around a million posts. 《哪吒》上映后迅速在社交媒体上走红,上映当天很快成为微博热门话题,话题阅读量超15亿,相关帖子约100万。
8. jihadist:圣战主义者。jihad是圣战的意思,wage jihad 就是进行圣战。
9. 一词多义:harbour有很多意思,总结如下:
A. 名词的意思大家都是熟悉,如珍珠港Pearl Harbor。
B. 动词表示怀有(尤指反面想法或感情);如MTI翻硕和专八翻译备考资料张培基散文中这句:我想不到一个小孩的仇恨会是这样地深!I was surprised that the hatred he harbored against his father should be so deep-seated.
还比如这句:Americans harbor mixed feelings about their own government. 美国人对自己的政府怀有复杂的情感。
C. 动词表示为……提供住所(或动物栖息地),如经济学人上这句:Nowhere are the stakes higher than in the Amazon basin—and not just because it contains 40% of Earth’s rainforests and harbours 10-15% of the world’s terrestrial species. 亚马孙流域热带雨林面临的风险最高,不仅是因为它占地球雨林面积的40%,还为世界上10%-15%的陆地物种提供栖息地。
D. 为……提供庇护,今天the jihadist group harboured by the Taliban中刚好就是这个意思。
02
环球时报——据今日俄罗斯电视台(RT)15日报道,塔利班发言人苏海尔·沙欣(Suhail Shaheen)承诺,在塔利班掌权后,阿富汗女性不会被剥夺工作机会或受教育机会,条件是她们在公共场合要继续佩戴遮面头巾。但事实呢?我们不好断定,我们看看经济学人上的报道吧(下面部分比较简单,大概讲解下):
The militants have already stopped women from working in other provinces and ordered families to hand over their daughters to be “married” to fighters.
武装分子已经阻止妇女在其他省份工作,并命令一些家庭将女儿“嫁给”武装分子。
1. hand over:移交,让出。如《钢铁之躯》中这句:I've been given orders to hand you over to him.
经济学人精读:塔利班掌权,女性何去何从?
文章来源:未知
发布时间:2021-10-28 15:14
作者:admin
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