1984年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

Section I Structure and Vocabulary

In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice. in the brackets on the left. (15 points)

EXAMPLE:

To test his theory, the scientist set ________ an experiment.

[A] up

[B] out

[C] upon

[D] forth

ANSWER: [A]

1. I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.

[A] in

[B] by

[C] with

[D] at

2. I promise to look ________ the matter as soon as I get back to the head office.

[A] into

[B] for

[C] in

[D] after

3. They left prior ________ our arrival.

[A] at

[B] to

[C] by

[D] of

4. The teacher has repeatedly reminded him ________ it.

[A] of

[B] for

[C] with

[D] to

5. He is indifferent ________ hardships and dangers.

[A] of

[B] at

[C] in

[D] to

6. During that hard winter, the workers in Detroit went ________ strike.

[A] into

[B] in

[C] on

[D] to

7. John did it ________ his will.

[A] at

[B] in

[C] to

[D] against

8. Come and see me whenever ________.

[A] you are convenient

[B] you will be convenient

[C] it is convenient to you

[D] it will be convenient to you

9. This ________ girl is Mary's cousin.

[A] pretty little Swedish

[B] Swedish little pretty

[C] Swedish pretty little

[D] little pretty Swedish

10. It isn't quite ________ that he will be present at the meeting.

[A] sure

[B] right

[C] certain

[D] exact

11. Why is there ________ traffic on the streets in February than in May?

[A] less

[B] fewer

[C] few

[D] little

12. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ________ in a quiet environment.

[A] before all

[B] first of all

[C] after all

[D] above all

13. His few personal belongings make it possible for him to move from place to place ________.

[A] in ease

[B] at ease

[C] with ease

[D] with easiness

14. Let us try to use our intellect to ________.

[A] the fullest benefit

[B] the best use

[C] the highest profit

[D] the greatest advantage

15. They did not find ________ to prepare for the worst conditions they might meet.

[A] worth their while

[B] it worthwhile

[C] it worth

[D] it worthy

16. You will soon ________ this climate and then the changes in temperature will not affect you.

[A] get used to

[B] get to

[C] get over

[D] get on with

17. Water, when boiled, always ________ stream.

[A] gives in

[B] gives out

[C] gives off

[D] gives away

18. Their plans for a big party ________.

[A] fell out

[B] fell away

[C] fell off

[D] fell through

19. Badly beaten, the intruders ________ in disorder.

[A] fell of

[B] fell out

[C] fell back

[D] fell away

20. The picnic ________ at last after being twice postponed.

[A] came off

[B] came up

[C] put on

[D] went on

21. Very few experts ________ with completely new answers to the world's economic problems.

[A] come to

[B] come round

[C] come up

[D] come on

22. His face gave him ________ when he told a lie.

[A] off

[B] away

[C] up

[D] out

23. Someone must have left the tap on, ________ the water was running over and flooding the bathroom.

[A] therefore

[B] for

[C] nevertheless

[D] moreover

24. If that idea was wrong, the project is bound to fail, ________ good all the other ideas might be.

[A] whatever

[B] though

[C] whatsoever

[D] however

25. Take an umbrella with you in case of ________.

[A] it rains

[B] the rain

[C] rain

[D] raining

26. The man over there is ________ our principal.

[A] no other but

[B] no other than

[C] no one than

[D] none other than

27. The football match was televised ________ from the Workers' Stadium.

[A] alive

[B] life

[C] live

[D] lively

28. The size of the audience, ________ we had expected, was well over one thousand.

[A] whom

[B] who

[C] as

[D] that

29. The Chinese Red Cross ________ a generous sum to the relief of the physically disabled.

[A] assigned

[B] contributed

[C] furnished

[D] administered

30. ________ my car is being made ready for a long journey.

[A] In the moment

[B] At the moment

[C] For the moment

[D] By the moment

Section II Cloze Test

For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10 points)

EXAMPLE:

Hot metal ________ as it grows cooler.

[A] condenses

[B] reduces

[C] decreases

[D] contracts

ANSWER: [D]

Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering. For instance, the automobile tunnel might  huge ventilation problems. Even in the days of smoky, coal-burning  , trains made their own ventilation by pushing and pulling air  the tunnels. Cars don't move their own spent gases in the same way; it collects in tunnels. Clifford M. Holland solved the problem  a giant fan-driven system for the Hudson River tunnel.

Holland's system received a severe  when a truck  with chemical substances caught fire in the tunnel and exploded. The blast destroyed many automobiles; sixty persons were  by the strong smelling smoke. All sixty, however, remained  after the explosion.  the ruin of 500 feet of the tunnel roof, traffic  after only fifty-six hours.

31. [A] make

[B] bring

[C] raise（A）

[D] create

32. [A] stoves

[B] burners

[C] boilers（D）

[D] engines

33. [A] around

[B] through

[C] in（B）

[D] within

34. [A] by

[B] with

[C] for（C）

[D] of

35. [A] trial

[B] pressure

[C] examination（B）

[D] test

36. [A] loaded

[B] carried

[C] crowded（D）

[D] transported

37. [A] swept

[B] overcome

[C] hit（B）

[D] hurt

38. [A] alive

[B] living

[C] live（A）

[D] lived

39. [A] With

[B] After

[C] Because of（A）

[D] Despite

40. [A] resumed

[B] stopped

[C] moved（C）

[D] started

Section III Reading Comprehension

Each sentence or passage below is followed by four statements. One of the statements is a suggestion which can be made from the information given in the original sentence or passage. Read them carefully and make your choice. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)

EXAMPLE:

Dr. Smith made a long speech in which he implied that he was a friend of the Dean's.

[A] Dr. Smith was not a friend of the Dean's.

[B] Dr. Smith gave a talk in which he said he was a friend of the Dean's.

[C] Dr. Smith suggested in his speech that he was a friend of the Dean's.

[D] Dr. Smith made a moving speech in which he said he was a friend of the Dean's.

ANSWER: [C]

41. I find it difficult to drive home my point to the students.

[A] I find it difficult to make my point fully understood by my students.

[B] I find it difficult to drive my students home.

[C] I want to point out that it is difficult to give my students lessons on driving.

[D] My point is driving is especially difficult for my students.

42. You ought to stand up for him.

[A] You should get up when he comes in.

[B] You should support him.

[C] You shouldn't be afraid to argue with him.

[D] You must be of the same height as he is.

43. She took great pains to keep the rooms tidy.

[A] She was in great pain when she tried to keep the rooms tidy.

[B] She found it difficult to keep the rooms tidy.

[C] She made great efforts to keep the rooms neat and clean.

[D] She was unwilling to keep the rooms tidy.

44. At first everything went well with the project but recently problems kept cropping up.

[A] At first the quality of the project was satisfactory but recently its quality kept declining.

[B] The project proceeded smoothly at first but lately unexpected problems continually made their appearance.

[C] At first the operation of the project went on smoothly, but lately something went wrong with its operation.

[D] At first the project was thought to be satisfactory, but recently people found that there were actually lots of problems with the project.

45. The search for ways of preserving foods is not new. Primitive man learned that he could make foods last by drying them. The greatest single advance began in 1800 when a Frenchman, Nicolas Appert, discovered that he could preserve certain foods by sealing them in jars and keeping the air from them. The process was the start of the vast canning industry which brings us many foods in all seasons.

[A] Nicolas Appert's most important contribution to canning industry is his discovery that air causes food to spoil.

[B] Nicolas Appert was the first person to preserve foods in jars.

[C] Nicolas Appert learned from the primitive men the method of preserving food.

[D] To preserve foods Nicolas Appert put them into sealed jars to let them dry up.

Section IV Structure and Vocabulary

Fill in the blanks with the words which best complete the sentences. Put your choices in the brackets on the left. (10 points)

EXAMPLE:

The photo ________ happy memories of my early childhood.

[A] refreshes

[B] brings to mind

[C] stimulates

[D] reminds myself

ANSWER: [B]

46. It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it ________ six hours.

[A] ended

[B] finished

[C] was（C）

[D] lasted

47. The gloves were really too small, and it was only by ________ them that I managed to get them on.

[A] spreading

[B] squeezing

[C] extending（C）

[D] stretching

48. Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not ________ close examination.

[A] put up

[B] keep up

[C] stand up to（C）

[D] look up to

49. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical ________.

[A] facilities

[B] appliances

[C] instruments（C）

[D] equipment

50. Charles has not the least ________ of giving up his research.

[A] intention

[B] idea

[C] play（C）

[D] desire

51. That shop doesn't have brown sugar in ________ at the moment, but they expect to have some tomorrow.

[A] storage

[B] stock

[C] sale（C）

[D] demand

52. The country has a system of ________, most of which date back to the nineteenth century.

[A] watercourses

[B] rivers

[C] canals（C）

[D] channels

53. The farmers had to wear heavy boots in the winter because the fields were so wet and ________.

[A] dusty

[B] earthy

[C] soiled（C）

[D] muddy

54. My brother likes eating very much but he isn't very ________ about the food he eats.

[A] special

[B] peculiar

[C] particular（C）

[D] unusual

55. This is the ________ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.

[A] actual

[B] genuine

[C] real（C）

[D] original

Section V Error-detection and Correction

Each question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the brackets on the left. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down the correct word or phrase on the line following the brackets. (10 points)

EXAMPLE:

Good mannersA should be observed whetherB oneC eats in a restaurant or inD home.

ANSWER: [D] at

56. One should not talk about unpleasant subjects forA a social gathering. AlsoB, we should avoid any subject that mightC hurt the feelings of the people you are withD.（[C] approve of）

57. When we sit at the table, we must wait for everyoneA before startB eating. Sometimes youC have to wait until the headD of the family begins eating.（[C] approve of）

58. Bob has sat at the table for a couple ofA hours and drankB considerably moreC wine thanD is good for his health.（[C] approve of）

59. If you had goneA there to see the match, I'm sure you would have enjoyedB to seeC the Chinese Football Team winD.（[C] approve of）

60. The flourA, eggs and milk should be wellB mixed asC it is poured into the bakingD pan.（[C] approve of）

61. The names Jimmy, Billy and Bobby endA in 'y' are used especiallyB for children, but they often continue intoC adultD life.（[C] approve of）

62. This book costsA me five yuan. AsB you have been a good friend to me, you may borrow my book as far asC you keep it cleanD.（[C] approve of）

63. Of all the works of art shownA in this exhibition hall the thing I like moreB is the needle-workC producedD by the workers of Shanghai.（[C] approve of）

64. BecauseA some of the representatives stillB not there, the conference is put offC untilD further notice.（[C] approve of）

65. You've to hurry up if you want to buy something becauseA there'sB hardly somethingC leftD.（[C] approve of）

Section VI Verb Forms

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets. (10 points)

EXAMPLE:

Now our daughter is sitting next to Doris. At this time tomorrow she ________ (sit) next to Betty.

ANSWER: will be sitting

66. A: Is your new bus going O.K.?

B: Oh yes. Couldn't be better. It's the first minibus we ________ (have) and we're all quite satisfied with it.（were defeated/had been defeated）

67. You haven't learnt the word-order in spoken questions yet but I'm sure you ________ (learn) it before the end of this week.（were defeated/had been defeated）

68. Our guest ________ no sooner ________ (take) off his raincoat than it began to rain again.（were defeated/had been defeated）

69. It is highly desirable that a new president ________ (appoint) for this college.（were defeated/had been defeated）

70. ________ (meet) with an accident, the newspaper correspondent was not able to send a cable.（were defeated/had been defeated）

71. That bad egg wore dark glasses to avoid ________ (recognize).（were defeated/had been defeated）

72. Rather than ________ (leave) everything to the last minute, he always prefers to start early.（were defeated/had been defeated）

73. Don't come today, I would rather you ________ (come) tomorrow.（were defeated/had been defeated）

74. Sammy looks as though he never ________ (get) a square meal, but in fact his parents feed him very well.（were defeated/had been defeated）

75. If I had a bike, I ________ (lend) it to you yesterday.（were defeated/had been defeated）

Section VII Chinese-English Translation

Translate the following sentences into English. (15 points)

76. 充分利用自然资源来为人类造福的愿望总有一天会实现。

77. 据我所知，到目前为止，这是他们所能想到的最好方案。

78. 随着科学与技术的普及，电子计算机已越来越广泛地在各个领域中得到应用。

79. 通过深入的调查研究，他们终于取得了大量的第一手资料。

80. 在我们的工作中失败是常事，但我们绝不能因此而灰心丧气。

Section VIII English-Chinese Translation

Choose either of the following two passages. Only the underlined sentences are to be translated. (20 points)

(1)

(81) Electricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays that we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the radio. At night, roads are brightly lit, enabling people and traffic to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the character of every modern city. In the home, many labour-saving devices are powered by electricity. (82) Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fat asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains, trolley-buses, and trams take us to and from work. (83) We rarely bother to consider why or how they run until something goes wrong.

One summer something did go wrong with the power plant that provides New York with electricity. For a great many hours, life came almost to a standstill. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, powerless to do anything; (84) lifts stopped working, so that even if you were lucky enough not to be trapped between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down hundreds of flights of stairs. Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in an instant became as gloomy and uninviting as the most remote back streets. (85) People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.

Meanwhile, similar disorder prevailed in the home. New York can be stifling in the summer and this year was no exception. Cool, air-conditioned apartments became furnaces. Food went bad in refrigerators. Cakes and joints of meat remained uncooked in cooling ovens. (86) People sat impatient and frightened in the dark as if an unseen enemy had landed from Mars. (87) One of the strange things that occurred during the power-cut was that some fifty blind people lead many sighted workers home. (88) When the lights came on again, hardly a person in the city can have turned on a switch without reflecting how great a servant he had at his fingertips.

(2)

A mineral is a material that is mined, not grown. (89) In other words mineral substances which are found on the earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us. Some minerals, for example coal and oil, were originally living substances; others, like iron, never had life. (90) Coal and oil are the remains of plants and animals. Crude mineral ores and crude oil must be purified before they can be used.

(91) A stage in human civilization is often called by the name of the substance mainly used at that stage: the Stone Age, the Iron Age, and so on. The level of civilization reached by a society depends on the materials it can use, not only on those which are available. (92) The capacity to use a raw material depends on various factors, such as means of access, methods of extraction, and techniques of processing. In order to be purified, or combined into alloys, metals must be melted. For this purpose they must be placed in containers which can be heated to enormous temperatures. These containers or enclosed spaces are called furnaces. (93) Plants which refine crude ores are often located in countries other than those in which the crude ores are mined.

Although much was known previously about the chemical properties of aluminum and their application to practical uses, (94) it was not until sixty years ago that a method of extracting aluminum ore was found which could lead to a cheap large-scale process.

(95) In the past few decades men behaved as if their supplies of minerals were inexhaustible. (96) But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their "expectation of life," the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.

But in the case of minerals it is especially difficult to give a reliable estimate of reserves because surveys have not been completed and it is not certain that all sources are known. Uranium provides a good example of this fact.