双语：外交部副部长乐玉成在全球20国智库在线对话会上的主旨演讲
践行全球安全倡议，维护世界和平安宁
Acting on the Global Security Initiative to Safeguard World Peace and Tranquility
——外交部副部长乐玉成在“求和平、促发展：全球20国智库在线对话会”上的主旨演讲
– Keynote Speech by Vice Foreign Minister Le Yucheng at “Seeking Peace and Promoting Development: An Online Dialogue of Global Think Tanks of 20 Countries”
2022年5月6日
6 May 2022
各位专家，各位朋友：
Dear Scholars and Friends,
大家好！很高兴出席全球20国智库对话会，围绕和平与安全问题和大家探讨交流。我主要想结合学习和理解习近平主席前不久在博鳌亚洲论坛提出的全球安全倡议，谈谈对当前国际安全形势的认识和体会。
Good evening! It gives me great pleasure to join you in this online dialogue on peace and security issues. I would like to share with you my views on international security on the basis of my understanding of the Global Security Initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping recently at the Boao Forum for Asia.
我记得2019年年终盘点的时候，有人说这是过去十年最差的一年，也可能是未来十年最好的一年，没想到这句话不幸而言中。就国际安全而言，这几年形势的确一年不如一年。新冠疫情已延宕三年，夺走了600多万人的生命，仅美国就超过100万，20万儿童沦为“疫情孤儿”，这样的事发生在和平年代简直不可思议。如今，欧洲又起战火，俄乌冲突愈演愈烈，对国际安全的影响难以估量。与此同时，“新冷战”逆风劲吹，霸权强权主义横行，世界分裂对抗之势加剧，集团化阵营化再现，信息战、舆论战大行其道。尤其是有违国际法的单边制裁害人害己，贻害无穷。据统计，美国等西方国家对中、俄等国的制裁已超万项，全球每10个国家中就有1国受到美制裁。受此影响，全球粮食、能源、金融、供应链等多重危机显现，国际政治、经济、安全秩序危机四伏，和平与发展的时代主题面临前所未有的严峻挑战。
When we did the stock-taking of the global situation at the end of 2019, some people said that it was the worst year in a decade but probably the best one of the coming decade. Unfortunately, that prediction has turned out to be true. The world has been on a downward slope over the past few years. The COVID pandemic has been raging for three years now, claiming more than six million lives, including over one million in the US alone, and some 200,000 American kids were orphaned as a result of the pandemic. It’s beyond our wildest imagination that things like this could happen in a period of peace. Recently, the flames of war have been re-ignited in Europe and the Russia-Ukraine conflict is still escalating even as we speak. The repercussions for international security are massive. In the meantime, we are witnessing perverse attempts to wage a new Cold War, rampant hegemonism and power politics, a rising tide of division and confrontation, the fragmentation of the world into different blocs and camps, and a fierce information war and battle for public opinion. To make matters worse, unilateral sanctions that violate international law are inflicting an enormous damage, not only on the intended targets but also on the ones unleashing them. According to statistics, the US and other Western countries have launched over 10,000 sanctions on China, Russia and other countries. One in every ten countries has been targeted by US sanctions. This has compounded the enormous strain on global food and energy supply, finance and supply chains. Crises are lurking in the international political, economic and security order, presenting unprecedented challenges to peace and development, the underlying theme of our times.
面对百年变局和世界乱局，中国作为负责任的大国一直在为世界和平而奔走，为国际安全而尽力，为人类前途命运而探求。习近平主席提出的构建人类命运共同体理念在国际上引起强烈反响和广泛认同。8年前，习近平主席在亚信上海峰会上提出的树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，在实践中不断被证明是正确之道，行之有效。不久前，习近平主席又在博鳌亚洲论坛郑重提出全球安全倡议。其精髓要义是，以新安全观为理念指引，以相互尊重为基本遵循，以安全不可分割为重要原则，以构建安全共同体为长远目标，走出一条对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟、共赢而非零和的新型安全之路。这一重大倡议是对联合国宪章精神的传承和弘扬，为消弭和平赤字提供了治本之策，为应对国际安全挑战贡献了中国方案。
Facing these once-in-a-century changes and a world in turmoil, China is determined to act as a responsible major country. We have made great efforts to safeguard international peace and security and to explore the way forward for humanity. President Xi Jinping’s vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind has been warmly received and widely endorsed by the international community. Eight years ago at the CICA Shanghai Summit, President Xi Jinping called for common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. This new vision on security has been proven by events to be both a correct and effective one. Recently at the Boao Forum for Asia, President Xi Jinping proposed a Global Security Initiative (GSI). The idea is to take the new vision on security as the guiding principle, mutual respect as the fundamental requirement, indivisible security as the important principle, and building a security community as the long-term goal, in order to foster a new type of security that replaces confrontation, alliance and a zero-sum approach with dialogue, partnership and win-win results. This major Initiative carries forward the spirit of the UN Charter, offers a fundamental solution to eliminating “the peace deficit” and contributes Chinese perspectives to meeting international security challenges.
思想引领行动。秉持人类命运共同体理念，践行新安全观和全球安全倡议，中国一直致力于为世界和平与安全发挥积极作用。远的不说，仅最近两年，我们就向120多个国家和国际组织提供了22亿剂疫苗，开展最大规模的紧急人道主义行动，共铸全球公共卫生安全之盾。我们推动五核国领导人首次就核武器问题共同发声，强调核战争打不赢也打不得，还正式加入《武器贸易条约》。我们推动创立阿富汗邻国协调合作机制，提出解决巴勒斯坦问题的四点主张、促进中东和平稳定五点倡议，推动伊核全面协议恢复履约谈判，积极推进半岛问题的政治解决进程，践行中国特色热点问题解决之道。我们大力推动全球治理体系变革进程，反对假多边、假规则、假人权、假民主，维护国际秩序稳定和国际公平正义。我们发起《全球数据安全倡议》，出资成立昆明生物多样性基金，宣布不再新建境外煤电项目，推动达成“格拉斯哥气候协议”，与各国携手应对气候变化、网络安全、恐怖主义等非传统安全挑战。
Actions are guided by vision. Following the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind and acting on the new security vision and the GSI, China has played a positive role for world peace and security. Just over the past two years, China has provided 2.2 billion doses of COVID vaccines to more than 120 countries and international organizations and launched the largest emergency humanitarian campaign, in an effort to fortify the “shield” for global public health security. China has worked for the adoption of the first ever joint statement of the leaders of the five nuclear-weapon states, which affirmed that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought. And China has joined the Arms Trade Treaty. China has helped to establish a coordination and cooperation mechanism among the neighbors of Afghanistan. China has put forward a four-point proposal on the Palestinian question and a five-point initiative on peace and stability in the Middle East. China has contributed to the negotiations for resuming compliance with the JCPOA, and has pushed for a political settlement of the issues on the Korean Peninsula. All of these represent efforts with Chinese characteristics to explore solutions to various hot-spot issues. China has made vigorous efforts to advance reform of the global governance system, reject fake multilateralism, fake rules, fake human rights and fake democracy, and defend the stability of the international order and international fairness and justice. China has launched the Global Initiative on Data Security, set up the Kunming Biodiversity Fund, pledged not to build new coal-fired power projects abroad, and facilitated the adoption of the Glasgow Climate Pact. Through these efforts, China has been working with countries around the world on climate change, cybersecurity, terrorism and other nontraditional security challenges.
中国对全球安全的贡献清单远不止这些，但已足以证明中国是世界和平的捍卫者，是国际安全的正能量。中国的发展是世界和平力量的上升、稳定力量的增长。然而，我不得不遗憾地指出，近年来总有一些人对中国在国际安全上的积极作用和贡献视而不见，对中方说三道四，无端曲解指责甚至向中方甩锅推责。最近围绕乌克兰危机就出现各种荒谬论调和虚假信息，企图把俄乌冲突的责任安到中国头上。
The above is by no means an exhaustive list of China’s contributions to global security, but more than enough to prove China’s role as a champion of world peace and a positive force for global security. It also shows that China’s development reinforces the global dynamic in favor of peace and stability. Yet regrettably, some people have in recent years turned a blind eye to China’s positive role in and contribution to international security. They have made groundless allegations, distorted China’s position and tried to make China take the blame for their own actions. In the ongoing Ukraine crisis, for instance, all sorts of misinformation and disinformation have been thrown around to smear China.
比如歪曲中俄联合声明，将其中的“两国友好没有止境、合作没有禁区”，解读为中国“事先知情”并“背书”俄对乌特别军事行动，因而得出结论，中国须对俄乌冲突承担责任。这种论调很荒唐。中国既不是当事方，更不是肇事方，凭什么要中国对俄乌冲突担责？中俄关系建立在不结盟、不对抗、不针对第三方原则之上，也不受第三方影响。冷战结束以来，中俄通过平等协商、和平谈判彻底解决了历史遗留的各种复杂问题，建立了高度政治互信和密切经贸联系，两国友好无止境、合作无禁区的表述正是反映了中俄关系这一现实及愿景。实际上我们同各国都讲友好，谈合作从来都不设限，也没必要设限。倒是有的国家莫名其妙地为发展对华关系人为划出禁区，提出很多先决条件，还大搞脱钩断供，甚至用竞争对抗来定义双边关系，限制双方合作，这样的关系怎么可能搞好？
Some people have twisted the words of the recent China-Russia joint statement and misinterpreted “friendship has no limits and cooperation has no forbidden areas” to mean that China had “prior knowledge” of Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine and even “endorsed” it. They have therefore concluded that China must be held accountable for the conflict. This is absurd. China is not involved in the conflict, still less the one who created it. So how could China be responsible? The relationship between China and Russia is based on the principles of non-alliance, non-confrontation and non-targeting of third parties, and it is not subject to the influence of any third party. After the Cold War, China and Russia, through equal-footed consultation and peaceful negotiation, solved once and for all the many complex issues between them left from history. The two countries have forged a high level of mutual political trust and close economic and trade ties. The description of “no limits” and “no forbidden areas” captures the current state and future prospects of China-Russia ties. The truth is, China desires friendly relations with all countries and we never set any limit on cooperation, nor do we see a need to do so. On the contrary, some country likes to designate “forbidden areas” on unfounded grounds or set preconditions for relations with China. It seeks to decouple from or cut off supplies to China, uses words like “competition” and “confrontation” to define relations with China, and restricts cooperation between the two sides. How could there be a good bilateral relationship with such constraints in place?
也有论调声称，中国没有和美西方一起谴责制裁俄罗斯，就是站在历史错误一边，甚至威胁对中国搞连带制裁。对此，我要强调，中国历来奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持根据事情的是非曲直、青红皂白确定自己的立场，不跟风、不随大流、不人云亦云。俄乌冲突发生以来，中国坚持维护联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，坚持安全不可分割的原则，秉持公道正义，努力劝和促谈，积极参与人道援助，不打小算盘，不谋地缘私利。反观个别大国，不仅不劝和促谈，反而扬言要用乌克兰危机来削弱俄罗斯，要同俄罗斯战斗到“最后一个乌克兰人”。显而易见，他们关心的不是和谈止战，不是乌克兰人民生命安全，而是把乌克兰当作拖垮俄罗斯的耗材和炮灰，用乌克兰人的生命来满足自身大国野心，实现自己的地缘战略目标。
Some people accuse China of standing on the wrong side of history for not joining the US and other Western countries in condemning and sanctioning Russia, and they even threaten to impose secondary sanctions on China. Let me make it clear that China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace and determines its position based on the merits of the matter. China never follows in others’ footsteps or jumps on bandwagons or acts on hearsay. Since the Russia-Ukraine conflict broke out, China has been committed to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the principle of indivisible security. We have stood for fairness and justice, and made active efforts to encourage peace talks and provide humanitarian aid. China has no axe to grind or any geopolitical agenda on this issue. Some major country, in contrast, has contributed nothing to the peace talks but maneuvered to use the crisis to weaken Russia and fight Russia to the “last Ukrainian”. Apparently, what they care about is not peace talks or ceasefire, nor the life and safety of the Ukrainian people. They only want to use Ukraine as “cannon fodder” to wear Russia down and sacrifice Ukrainian lives to achieve their own hegemonic ambition and geostrategic goals.
还有论调说，美国在对付俄罗斯时也不能忽视中国，要视欧亚大陆为“欧亚战场”，力争同时打赢欧洲、亚太两场战争。这种论调十分危险。他们不仅不吸取欧洲战火连天、生灵涂炭的教训，还企图开辟“第二战场”，把战火烧到亚太。美国推行所谓“印太战略”，扬言如果改变不了中国的体制，就要重塑中国的周边战略环境。近来，美不断在中国家门口“秀肌肉”，拼凑各种反华小圈子，甚至在台湾问题上大做文章、试探红线，这不是亚太版“北约东扩”又是什么？如任其发展，后果不堪设想，最终会把亚太推入火坑。我要强调的是，中国坚持和平发展，致力于同地区国家和睦相处、团结合作，从不挑事惹事，把矛头对准中国毫无道理，在亚太复制乌克兰危机的图谋决不会得逞。
Some people urge the US not to forget about China when contending with Russia, but to regard the Eurasian continent as a battlefield and to focus on two theaters – war in Europe and the Asia-Pacific – and win both. This is a very dangerous proposition. Rather than learning the painful lessons of conflict and suffering in Europe, they seek to create a “second theater” and bring the conflict to the Asia-Pacific. The US “Indo-Pacific strategy” indicates that the US seeks not so much to change China as to shape the strategic environment in which China operates. For quite some time, the US has kept flexing its muscle on China’s doorstep, creating exclusive groups against China and inflaming the Taiwan question to test China’s red line. If this is not an Asia-Pacific version of NATO’s eastward expansion, then what is? Such a strategy, if left unchecked, would bring horrible consequences and push the Asia-Pacific over the edge of an abyss. To these people, let me stress that China is committed to peaceful development and seeks harmony, solidarity and cooperation in the region. China has never been a provocateur or troublemaker. It makes no sense to take aim at China. And the attempt to “copy and paste” the Ukraine crisis in the Asia-Pacific is doomed to fail.
各位朋友，
Dear Friends,
和平与发展是人类的永恒追求，需要争取，也需要维护。当今世界变乱交织，危机挑战层出不穷，非和平因素日益积聚，甚至有人开始谈论发生第三次世界大战的可能性。值此人类发展的关键时刻，我们要着眼人类前途与命运，扛起责任与担当，超越偏见和纷争，联合世界上所有爱好和平的力量，树立新安全观，积极落实全球安全倡议，携手应对国际安全挑战，共同维护世界和平与安宁。当前尤其要做到以下几点：
Peace and development are the perpetual pursuit of humankind and they need to be earned and protected. Our world today faces a swirling combination of change and instability. Crises and challenges emerge without cease, and factors undermining peace are building up. Some people are even talking about the possibility of a third world war. At such a critical moment in the development of humankind, we must act with the destiny and future of humanity in mind, step up to our responsibility, and rise above prejudice and contention. Together with all peace-loving forces in the world, we must adopt the new vision on security, take active steps to operationalize the GSI, and meet the international security challenges for the sake of world peace and tranquility. At this moment, a few priorities come to mind:
第一，坚持维护国际法和公认的国际关系准则，反对用家法帮规篡改国际规则。上个月，3位中国宇航员从太空平安返回地球。他们从太空看到的地球就是一个小村落，大家都是地球村里命运与共的街坊邻里，在一个村里朝夕相处，自然要互尊互敬，平等相待，遵规守法。大国尤其要作表率，不能带坏头，当“例外”。不能搞双重标准，把自己看得高人一等，一边口口声声要求别人尊重主权，一边肆意干涉别国内政；一边批评别国违反国际法，一边对国际规则合则用、不合则弃，甚至另搞一套所谓“基于规则的秩序”，把自己的家法帮规凌驾于国际法之上，这实质上是对国际法、国际规则的亵渎和破坏。
First, it is important to stay committed to international law and universally recognized norms of international relations, and reject the attempt to replace international rules with “house rules”. Last month, three Chinese astronauts safely returned to Earth after completing their space mission. The Earth they saw from space looks just like a small globe. In this global village, we are all neighbors who share weal and woe. As we live side by side day and night, naturally we need to respect each other, treat one another as equals and abide by common rules. Major countries in particular must lead by the power of their example, not by the example of their power or claim “exceptionalism”. They should not practice double standards or see themselves as superior to others. They should not ask others to respect sovereignty while they themselves meddle in the internal affairs of others. They should not criticize others for violating international law while they themselves apply international rules selectively or create another set of the so-called “rules-based order” in an attempt to place their own “house rules” above international law. Such acts only give international law and rules a bad name and undermine them.
第二，坚持安全不可分割原则，不能牺牲别国安全来追求自身安全。对于乌克兰危机不少西方战略家早有预警，并形象地比喻，把一个核大国逼入墙角，如同拿木棍戳熊的眼睛，熊当然不会安之若素。很显然，一国的安全不能建立在牺牲别国安全之上，不能只顾走自己的路，让别人无路可走。人类早已成为不可分割的安全共同体。我们应秉持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，超越零和博弈、竞争对抗，重视别人的安全，维护大家的安全，最终才能实现自己的安全。
Second, it is important to stay committed to the principle of indivisible security, and reject the attempt to pursue one’s own security at the expense of others. Quite a few Western strategists sounded the alarm on Ukraine a long time ago. They argued that pushing a nuclear power into a corner is like taking a stick and poking a bear in the eye, and that bear is probably not going to simply put up with it. Obviously, no country should build its security at the cost of others or choose a path that only serves itself but makes things difficult for others. We humanity have long been a community of indivisible security. As such, we must uphold the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, reject zero-sum games, competition and confrontation, take seriously the security of others, and safeguard the common security of all. Only by doing so can one achieve his own security.
第三，坚持维护国际社会团结合作，反对搞集团政治和意识形态对抗。“家和万事兴”，团结就是力量。当今世界正在经历大变局、大动荡，面临各种风险和挑战，最需要国际社会齐心协力、同舟共济。任何一个国家乃至一个小集团都不可能独自应对，如果还沉迷于维护霸权，拉帮结伙，搞“小圈子”，给别国贴标签，炮制“民主对威权”的荒唐叙事，甚至以意识形态划线挑动大国对抗、分裂国际社会，不仅无助于应对共同挑战，还会把人类引向更大的灾难，近几年这方面的教训已经够多了。当前形势下，国际社会应当坚持要对话不要对抗，要团结不要分裂，要公道不要霸权，携手合作，共同维护好国际和平与安全。
Third, it is important to stay committed to global solidarity and cooperation, and reject the attempt to revive bloc politics and ideological confrontation. We Chinese believe that “a family prospers only when it enjoys harmony”. Strength comes from unity. The world today is experiencing great change and turmoil and confronting many risks and challenges. What is needed the most is for countries around the world to pull together with common purpose and efforts. The challenges cannot be tackled by any country or exclusive group going it alone. Any wishful attempt to preserve hegemony, gang up, form exclusive circles, pin undesirable labels on others, spread the ridiculous “democracy versus autocracy” narrative, or stoke major-country rivalry and divide the world on ideological grounds would land humanity in bigger trouble, rather than helping to address the common challenges facing humanity. There has been no shortage of such lessons in recent years. Under the current circumstances, the international community should choose dialogue over confrontation, solidarity over division, and justice over hegemony. We should join hands to uphold international peace and security together.
第四，坚持反对单边制裁，不能把局部危机变成世界性危机。历史反复证明，单边制裁从来不是解决问题的有效办法，而是霸权强权的工具，结果只会是火上浇油，使矛盾扩大化、复杂化。俄乌冲突后，美西方对俄发起的全方位制裁，让本已脆弱乏力的世界经济雪上加霜，给发展中国家带来不可承受之痛，各国老百姓成为最大的受害者。据国际货币基金组织等国际机构预测，今年世界经济增速预计跌至3.6%，全球贸易增速下降近一半，六成低收入国家陷入债务危机，17亿人陷入贫困。绝大多数国家都不支持对俄制裁。把世界经济、国计民生武器化、工具化，用制造乃至扩大危机的办法来应对危机，将动摇国际经济体系根本，最终也会搞乱整个世界。
Fourth, it is important to stay committed to opposing unilateral sanctions, and reject the attempt to turn a regional crisis into a global one. History has shown time and again that unilateral sanctions have never been an effective solution to any problem. They are just a tool of hegemony and power politics, always adding fuel to the fire and magnifying and complicating the existing problems. In recent months, the US and other Western countries have imposed sweeping sanctions on Russia, crippling an already languishing world economy and unleashing unbearable pain on developing countries. It is the people of the world that are being hurt by the sanctions. The IMF and some other international institutions estimate that this year, global economic growth will slow to 3.6 percent and global trade growth will be slashed nearly by half; three-fifths of the low-income countries will be thrown into a debt crisis and 1.7 billion people worldwide will be impoverished. The majority of countries are not supportive of the sanctions on Russia. Using the world economy, the development of countries and the wellbeing of their peoples as a weapon or a tool and creating and even aggravating multiple crises in order to tackle an existing crisis will shake the foundation of the international economic system and cause turmoil around the world.
第五，坚持维护亚太安全稳定，不允许亚太生战生乱。亚太是和平稳定的高地、合作发展的热土，这一大好局面不是天上掉下来的，也不是哪个国家的施舍，而是地区国家共同努力的结果。乌克兰危机警醒我们，要珍惜和平，维护和平，把命运牢牢掌握在自己手中。近来有些人呼吁需建立“全球性北约”，北约也在频繁介入亚太事务，这不能不令地区国家担忧。我们不能允许阵营对抗在亚太地区重演，不能允许个别国家为一己私利将亚太拖入战火，不能允许本地区中小国家沦为霸权的工具乃至牺牲品。无论域内域外国家都应该为亚太添彩而不添乱，努力践行新安全观和全球安全倡议，走出一条共建共享共赢的亚太安全之路。
Fifth, it is important to stay committed to security and stability in the Asia-Pacific, and reject the attempt to allow turmoil or war to arise in this region. The Asia-Pacific is a promising land of peace, stability, cooperation and development. This desirable situation has not fallen into our lap automatically or come as charity from anybody. Rather, it is the result of the joint efforts of countries in the region. The Ukraine crisis reminds us that we must cherish and preserve peace and hold our destiny in our own hands. Recently, some people have called for building “a global NATO”, and NATO is interfering frequently in Asia-Pacific affairs. This is cause for concern to the regional countries. We cannot allow bloc-based confrontation to repeat itself in the Asia-Pacific; we cannot allow certain countries to succeed in their self-serving attempt to drag the Asia-Pacific into conflict; we cannot allow small and medium-sized countries in our region to become the tool or victim of hegemony. Countries both in and outside the region should add splendor rather than trouble to the Asia-Pacific, work to operationalize the new vision on security and the GSI, and find a path to Asia-Pacific security featuring joint contribution, shared benefit and win-win outcome.
谢谢！下面我愿回答大家的提问。
Thank you. Now I will take your questions.
问题1：乌克兰危机对全球安全治理提出了新挑战。我们应该如何应对传统与非传统领域的安全威胁，建立一个更加公平合理的新安全治理体系？中方提出的全球安全倡议能为解决当前的国际冲突和争端发挥什么作用？
Q1: The Ukraine crisis has presented new challenges to global security governance. How should we respond to traditional and non-traditional security threats and build a new security governance system that is fairer and more equitable? What role can the Global Security Initiative proposed by China play in addressing current international conflicts and disputes?
答：乌克兰危机暴露出全球安全治理确实出了大问题，尤其是在号称擅长治理的欧洲还出现严重的安全危机，恰恰说明一些国家的安全政策失败、观念落伍、思维僵化。手里拿的是全球化时代的智能手机，脑子里的操作系统却还是上世纪的冷战思维。欧洲安全出现“死机”就不奇怪了。
Le: The crisis in Ukraine has brought to light the big problems in global security governance. The fact that Europe, who takes pride in their governance, has come to face such a serious security crisis points to the failing security policy, outdated way of thinking and ossified mindset of some countries. They might be holding in their hands smart phones of the globalized age, but their minds are still operating with last century’s system of Cold War mentality. It’s no surprise that Europe’s security system is experiencing a “downtime”.
我认为，避免安全“死机”的办法就是更新“操作系统”，用习近平主席提出的全球安全倡议替换冷战思维。具体而言要做到三个一：树立一种意识，就是各国是休戚与共的命运共同体意识；把握一个原则，就是各国安全不可分割的原则；同走一条道路，就是相互尊重、和平共处之道。我们要把共同安全放在心上，把道义责任扛在肩上，把平等尊重落实在行动上。作为同一个地球村村民，大家要力避掰手腕争锋斗气，而要手拉手共克时艰。如果人人都“以眼还眼”，世界将没有光明。
In my opinion, the way to prevent security “downtime” is to update the operating system, replacing the Cold War mentality with the Global Security Initiative put forth by President Xi Jinping. To be specific, we need to commit to three points: Fostering a shared perception, recognizing that all countries are in a community with a shared future where they rise and fall together. Upholding a shared principle, by which the security of all countries is indivisible. And following a shared path, a path of mutual respect and peaceful coexistence. We need to bear in mind the importance of common security, shoulder moral responsibilities and act on the spirit of equality and mutual respect. As members of the same global village, we should avoid arm wrestling or fighting with each other, and work hand in hand to tide over the trying times. If everyone goes for “an eye for an eye” approach, the world will be a dark place.
问题2：国际社会高度关注俄乌冲突对台湾问题的启示，担忧今日乌克兰可能成为明日的台湾。近日，美国官员表示，中国应该从这场冲突中“吸取正确的教训”，即“武力攻台”是不可接受的，否则所有针对俄罗斯的制裁、孤立措施都将在中国大陆重演。请问您对此怎么看？
Q2: The international community is following closely what the conflict between Russia and Ukraine means for Taiwan. The concern is that what is happening to Ukraine today might happen to Taiwan in the future. US officials have recently said that China should “take the right lesson” from this conflict that “taking Taiwan by force” is not acceptable, otherwise all the sanctions against Russia and measures to isolate it would be examples for the PRC. What is your take on this?
答：我想先纠正两个错误。第一，台湾问题与乌克兰问题没有任何可比性。一个中国原则是国际社会共识，台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分，台湾问题是中国内政。有些人在乌克兰问题上强调尊重一国主权和领土完整，但在台湾问题上却公然踩踏“一个中国”红线，这是彻头彻尾的“双标”，国际规则被他们当作“玩物”，成了可以随意变来变去的“变形金刚”。
Le: Two points to clarify. First, Taiwan and Ukraine are not comparable at all. The one-China principle is a consensus of the international community. Taiwan is an inseparable part of China’s territory and the Taiwan question is China’s internal affairs. Some people have been stressing the respect for Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. But the same people have openly trampled on the red line of the one-China principle when it comes to the Taiwan question. This is outright double standards. For them, international rules are just “playthings” that they can bend and twist willfully like “transformers”.
第二，应该吸取教训的不是中方而是美方。中国不是乌克兰问题的当事方，更不是肇事者。众所周知，美国是对欧洲安全负主责的。现在欧洲安全出了问题，美方当然要深刻反思，吸取教训，至于吸取什么教训，我认为至少有三点：冷战思维要不得，单边制裁使不得，代理人战争打不得。
Second, it is the United States, not China, who should learn the lessons. China is not a party to the Ukraine issue, still less the one who caused it. Everybody knows that the United States shoulders major responsibility for Europe’s security. Now that the security of Europe has imploded, of course it has some serious reflection to make and lessons to learn. As to what lessons, I think there are at least three: Cold War mentality should be abandoned, unilateral sanctions should be avoided, and proxy wars should be prevented.
至于有人说要把所有针对俄罗斯的制裁、孤立措施都用在中国身上，我坚信中国不会被吓倒。新中国成立70多年，我们什么样的大风大浪没见过，最近几年美国就不停地对中国加税、脱钩、断供，甚至抓人、闭馆，处心积虑破坏两国合作，但中国不仅没有垮，还在蒸蒸日上、日新月异地发展，我们还有什么可害怕的呢？
With regard to all the talk of sanctions and isolation on China, I can say for sure that China will not be intimidated. Over the past 70-plus years since the founding of the new China, we have gone through our fair share of ordeals. In the last couple of years, the United States has been coming after China nonstop, from tariff hikes, decoupling and supply chain disruptions, to detaining Chinese citizens and shutting down our consulate, doing everything possible to derail China-US cooperation. But China has not been crushed. On the contrary, it has come out stronger and is doing better with each passing day. So what is there to be afraid of?
在此我还想正告台湾当局，两岸统一是正道，挟洋谋独是死路。中国必须统一，也必然统一，这是不可阻挡的历史进程。
A word of caution for the Taiwan authorities: reunification is the right way forward, and seeking foreign support to pursue independence will lead nowhere. The reunification of China must be achieved and will definitely be achieved – this historical process is unstoppable.
问题3：有观点认为，俄罗斯“入侵”乌克兰表明民主国家面临威权主义的威胁，这也印证了北约东扩的必要性。请问您对此怎么看？
Q3: Some say the Russian “invasion” of Ukraine shows that democracies are being threatened by autocracy, and also validates NATO’s eastward expansion. What is your view?
答：这是典型的因果倒置，把病因当药方。北约不断东扩，把欧洲安全搞砸了，捅了个大娄子，也宣告美国和北约安全观已经破产。这种情况下如果还想靠北约东扩来解决危机，那将是错上加错，只会引发更大的灾难。
Le: This is a typical act to confuse cause and effect, and take the root cause as the prescription. NATO’s continued eastward expansion has upset security in Europe and created a big mess. It also declares that the US and NATO’s approach to security has gone broke. Given this, to resolve the crisis by further expansion would be like correcting one mistake with another. It will only lead to greater disaster.
至于“民主对威权”的说法，我们都很熟悉，这完全是某个大国抹黑他国、打压异己的话术把戏。他们通常先给一个国家扣上“威权”的帽子，接着就口诛笔伐、制裁围堵，最后大打出手，这已经成了“套路”，其背后的真实目的只有一个，就是排除异己，维护霸权。近年来，我们看到这套把戏在全球各地多次上演，把世界搞得鸡犬不宁、乌烟瘴气。这套把戏已经没人信了，该收场了！
As for the “democracy vs. autocracy” narrative, it just sounds all too familiar. It is old script used by a certain big power to smear other countries and suppress those who disagree. They first label a country “autocracy”, followed by mud-slinging, sanctions and containment, and ultimately the brute military means. This has become their playbook, and the only purpose is to take down anyone who is not “one of them” and to preserve their hegemony. In recent years, we have seen this trick playing out repeatedly around the globe, leaving the world in instability and chaos. But this trick can no longer fool anyone, and now is time to stop!
问题4：美国防长日前访问乌克兰时公开表示要通过俄乌冲突“削弱俄罗斯”。有观点认为美国不仅要借俄乌冲突“弱俄”，还要“控欧”，整场战争也是让欧洲承受损失、自己大发战争财。您怎么看？
Q4: When visiting Ukraine, the US Secretary of Defense said publicly that “we want to see Russia weakened” with the conflict. There is a view that the United States not only wants to weaken Russia, but also control Europe and let Europe bear the losses while the United States profits from the war. What is your take on this?
答：电视剧《纸牌屋》中政客有一句名言：“政治需要牺牲，当然，是别人的牺牲”。冲突发生在欧洲的土地上，欧洲首当其冲，损失最大。有网友这样描述欧洲目前的窘境，说欧洲是“粮食紧了，能源缺了，难民多了，失业增了，经济难了，而且战争何时结束还不知道”。而美国自己则在大洋彼岸大搞离岸平衡，躲得远远的，赚得满满的，军火热销，油气大卖，金融资本源源不断回流，难民据说只接收了十几个。这种鲜明反差很好解释了为什么有人热衷于拱火浇油，极力阻挠俄乌和谈。说穿了就是想发战争财，靠牺牲乌克兰控制欧洲，削弱俄罗斯，延续霸权强权。如此一举多得，难怪乐此不疲。
Le: There is a famous line in House of Cards: “Politics requires sacrifice. The sacrifice of others, of course.” The conflict is taking place on European soil, so it is Europe that is hurt the first and the most. Some netizens are describing Europe’s current predicament by saying that “food is getting tight, energy running short, refugees increasing, unemployment rising, growth facing headwinds, and no one knows when the war will end.” Meanwhile, the United States is playing offshore balancing on the other side of the ocean, hiding comfortably from a safe distance, raking in billions with rocketing arms trade and oil and gas sales, and seeing financial capital flooding back to America. As for refugees, it is said to have taken in just about a dozen. Such a sharp contrast could well explain why some are eager to fan the flames and disrupt Russia-Ukraine peace talks. Basically, they want to profit from the war, and control Europe, “weaken” Russia and sustain their hegemonic power at the expense of Ukraine. So they are killing many birds with one stone, and that explains why they keep doing it.
本文来源：外交部
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