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21年南京信息工程大学MTI真题解析:社会优越感
文章来源:高斋翻硕 发布时间:2021-05-10 16:23 作者:雒老师Joy 点击:

今天公众号“高斋翻硕”给大家分享21年南京信息工程大学汉译英翻硕真题的单词解析,这篇也是第24届韩素音翻译大赛汉译英真题,全文大家可以在我们高斋的官网看:

http://www.gaozhaiedu.com/html/translationcompetition/hansuyinguojifanyidasa/20190326/1852.html

近几年不少学校都喜欢考韩素音翻译比赛的文章,我们的公众号上之前发过很多文章节选的单词解析,高斋官网上也可以看全文的翻译。这篇是考生回忆版,试题可能会有删减或改动。

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第一段原文

人们在适应异国文化的过程中,对于自己母语的态度,也会有积极或消极两种选择。有的人,在积极投入其他主流文化的同时,有意消弱自己的母语能力;有的人,反而更加强、突出了这方面,认为是一种优势。

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韩素音大赛参考译文
An individual’s acculturation may also impact their native language shift with positive and negative consequences depending on the person who may opt for a different approach. While actively participating in the mainstream culture, some may intentionally diminish their native language competence; others may strengthen the ability as one of their advantages.
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单词解析

第一句:人们在适应异国文化的过程中,对于自己母语的态度,也会有积极或消极两种选择。

An individual’s acculturation may also impact their native language shift with positive and negative consequences depending on the person who may opt for a different approach.

1. acculturation [əˌkʌltʃə'reɪʃ (ə) n] n. 文化适应;文化移入;文化交流。

2. consequence [ˈkɑːnsɪkwens] n.  结果;后果;重要性,如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

Who will shoulder the consequences of the war? 

谁来承担战争的后果?

3. opt for  选择,如金融时报上有这么一句话:

Who would opt for a shared space if they could have their own?

 如果能拥有自己的办公室,谁会选择共享办公区呢?

第二句:有的人,在积极投入其他主流文化的同时,有意消弱自己的母语能力;有的人,反而更加强、突出了这方面,认为是一种优势。

While actively participating in the mainstream culture, some may intentionally diminish their native language competence; others may strengthen the ability as one of their advantages.

1. the mainstream culture 主流文化。

2. intentionally [ɪnˈtɛnʃənəli] adv. 故意地;有意地;蓄意地,如汉英大词典上有这么一句话:

I didn't say it intentionally.

我是无心说的。

3. diminish [dɪˈmɪnɪʃ] v. 减少;(使)减弱,缩减;降低;贬低;贬损;轻视。如金融时报上有这么一句话:

Operators' powers are diminished, not destroyed, though.

不过,移动运营商的力量只是在减弱,而没有被摧毁。
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第二段原文

一般来讲,若某一社会群体所讲、所用的语言是为社会所尊敬的那一种(如在英国,以女王为代表的贵族所讲的语言),会有更高的社会优越感,而其成员也会有意显示出与众不同,以保持其正面的群体特性。当然,也难免会有他人向这一群体的讲话方式靠拢。

 
韩素音大赛参考译文
Generally speaking, a social group will gain a higher prestigious social status if its members communicate through and use a respected language that has wide public appeal (such as the language used by the aristocrats in England, most notably by the Queen). The members of social circles are also willing to display their divergence to maintain positive group distinctiveness. Surely, some others may also intend to associate themselves with the speaking style of this privileged group as well.
 
单词解析

第一句前半句:一般来讲,若某一社会群体所讲、所用的语言是为社会所尊敬的那一种(如在英国,以女王为代表的贵族所讲的语言),会有更高的社会优越感,

Generally speaking, a social group will gain a higher prestigious social status if its members communicate through and use a respected language that has wide public appeal (such as the language used by the aristocrats in England, most notably by the Queen).

1. Generally speaking 一般来讲,一般而言。如2019年福建中考真题中有这么一句话:

Most people, generally speaking, are ready to smile back when they are smiled at.

一般来说,大多数人在被人以微笑对待的时候都会报以微笑。

2. prestigious [preˈstɪdʒəs] adj. 有威望的;声誉高的,如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

It's one of the best equipped and most prestigious schools in the country.

这是国内设备最先进、最有威望的学校之一。

3. social status 社会地位,如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

Social status is largely determined by the occupation of the main breadwinner

社会地位很大程度上是由家里经济支柱的职业决定的。

4. aristocrat [əˈrɪstəkræt] n. 贵族,如华尔街日报上有这么一句话:

It's like an aristocrat gone to seed, fiercely hanging onto respectability.

它就像一个没落的贵族,在勉力维持着昔日的尊贵。

5. notably [ˈnoʊtəbli] adv. 尤其;特别;极大程度上;非常,如金融时报上有这么一句话:

There could also be some unexpected problems at home, notably in the banking sector.

中国国内也会出现一些始料不及的问题,特别是在银行业。

第一句后半句:而其成员也会有意显示出与众不同,以保持其正面的群体特性。

The members of social circles are also willing to display their divergence to maintain positive group distinctiveness.

1. social circle 交际圈,社交圈。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

Oxford's social circle was far too liberal for her taste.

牛津的社交圈过于开放,不合她的胃口。

2. divergence [daɪˈvɜːrdʒəns] n. (意见、态度等的)分歧,差异,如汉英大词典上有这么一句话:

A minimal error or deviation may result in wide divergence.

失之毫厘,谬以千里。

3. distinctiveness 特殊性;区别性;辨别性,如金融时报上有这么一句话:

Being far from Silicon Valley also helps to nurture the sense of distinctiveness, he adds.

他补充称,远离硅谷,也有助于培养出一种与众不同的感觉。

第二句:当然,也难免会有他人向这一群体的讲话方式靠拢。

Surely, some others may also intend to associate themselves with the speaking style of this privileged group as well.

1. intend to 打算;打算去;想要,倾向于,如牛津词典上有这么一句话:

They intend to bring their complaints out into the open.

他们想把心中的种种不满公开讲出来。

2. associate with 支持,联想到,联系,与…为伍,如牛津词典上有这么一句话:

She didn't want to associate with the likes of me.

她不想与我这种类型的人为伍。

3. privileged [ˈprɪvəlɪdʒd] adj. 有特权的;受特别优待的;荣幸;幸运;特许保密的,如牛津词典上有这么一句话:

Those in authority were in a privileged position.

地位自有特权
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第三段原文

一个人的语言,还可成为他人对其进行评判的对象。据研究,可以从中判断出其社会地位、教育程度、善良与否、智力、能力甚至财富等。可见,语言对个人之意义。如果说服装是人的形体修饰,那么语言便是人的综合价值的外在体现。所以,语言就不应当被视为仅仅是一种工具,而应是一种素质。

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韩素音大赛参考译文

A person’s language may also become an evaluative subject with which perceivers can infer his or her social status, educational background, benevolence, intelligence, ability or even wealth and so on as certain research has suggested. All in all, the implications of one’s language can be seen as the manifestation of an individual’s inner comprehensive values in the same way the clothes adorn the body. Language to a person, therefore, ought never to be seen as merely a tool as it has always been perceived, but more importantly, as a necessary quality.

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单词解析

第一、二句:一个人的语言,还可成为他人对其进行评判的对象。据研究,可以从中判断出其社会地位、教育程度、善良与否、智力、能力甚至财富等。

A person’s language may also become an evaluative subject with which perceivers can infer his or her social status, educational background, benevolence, intelligence, ability or even wealth and so on as certain research has suggested. 

1. an evaluative subject 评判的对象。

2. perceiver 知觉者;感知者。如VOA新闻中有这么一句话:

This doctor said Arick was "a poor perceiver of his asthma."

这位医生称,阿里克“不知道自己患有哮喘”。

3. infer [ɪnˈfɜːr] v. 推断;推论;推理;间接地提出;暗示;意指,如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

I inferred from the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident.

我从这篇文章推断,飞行员应对事故负责。

4. benevolence [bə'nevələns] n. 仁爱;善行;厚道;捐助,如汉英大词典上有这么一句话:

We definitely do not apply a policy of benevolence to the reactionaries.

我们对反动派决不施仁政。

第三、四句:可见,语言对个人之意义。如果说服装是人的形体修饰,那么语言便是人的综合价值的外在体现。

All in all, the implications of one’s language can be seen as the manifestation of an individual’s inner comprehensive values in the same way the clothes adorn the body.

1. implication [ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 可能的影响(或作用、结果);含意;暗指;牵连,牵涉,意义,如剑桥词典上有这么一句话:

What are the implications of the new law?

这部新法意味着什么呢?

2. manifestation [ˌmænɪfeˈsteɪʃn] n. 显示;表明;表示;显现,如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

New York is the ultimate manifestation of American values.

纽约是美国价值观的终极体现。

3. adorn [əˈdɔːrn] v. 装饰;装扮,如牛津词典上有这么一句话:

The walls were adorned with paintings.

墙上装饰了绘画。

第五句:所以,语言就不应当被视为仅仅是一种工具,而应是一种素质。

Language to a person, therefore, ought never to be seen as merely a tool as it has always been perceived, but more importantly, as a necessary quality.

1. be seen as 被看做,被认为,如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

The child's welfare must be seen as paramount

必须把儿童福利摆在首位。

2. perceive [pərˈsiːv] v. 注意到;意识到;察觉到;将…理解为;将…视为;认为,如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

Stress is widely perceived as contributing to coronary heart disease.

压力被广泛认为是导致冠心病的一个因素。

3. quality [ˈkwɑːləti] n. 质量;品质;上乘;优质;高标准;(尤指好的)人品,素质,品德,如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话:

She acts well but she hasn't got star quality.

不错缺少成为明星素质

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