第一段：Lastly, near kinsfolks, and fellows in office, and those that have been bred together, are more apt to envy their equals, when they are raised. For it doth upbraid unto them their own fortunes, and pointeth at them, and cometh oftener into their remembrance, and incurreth likewise more into the note of others; and envy ever redoubleth from speech and fame.

储琢佳译：最后，那些近亲、同事以及一起长大的伙伴，最容易在身边的同辈升迁或发达时，产生嫉妒心理。因为别人的成功和升迁提醒了他们自己碌碌无为的现状，这种落差感深铭于他们心中，难以磨灭。此外，这种同辈间的升迁腾达还会引起他人的注意，而嫉妒之情此时也会随着别人的议论而加剧。

1. Kinsfolk [ˈkɪnzfoʊk] 亲戚，亲属。文中kinsfolks是其复数形式，但在现代英语里kinsfolk即表复数，不需要加s。

2. Fellow [ˈfeloʊ] 同事；同辈；配对物；男人；哥儿们，文中fellows是其复数形式。如经济学人例句：

As he happily treated Israeli women and made friends with fellow doctors, he saw medicine as a bridge between the two hostile people.

他愉快地为以色列妇女提供治疗，并和同事结为好友。他将医学视为两个彼此仇恨的民族之间的沟通桥梁。

3. Breed [briːd] 养育；饲养；交配繁殖；导致，文中bred是其过去分词形式。如柯林斯词典例句：

Born and bred in this country, he and his wife emigrated to Los Angeles after the war.

尽管生于斯长于斯，他和妻子在战后还是移民去了洛杉矶。

4. Apt [æpt] 易于……；有……倾向；恰当的；天资聪颖的人。Be apt to do sth 易于……；有……倾向，如华尔街日报例句：

Among the reasons: Their friendships are more apt to be hurt by geographical moves and differences in career trajectories.

原因之一是，他们的友情更容易受到地理迁移和职业轨迹差异的伤害。

5. Equal [ˈiːkwəl] 同等的人；相等物，文中equals是其复数形式。如柯林斯词典例句：

As a pastor, it can be argued he has no equal.

作为牧师，他可以说是出类拔萃。

6. Upbraid [ʌpˈbreɪd] 申斥；训斥；责骂，如柯林斯词典例句：

His mother summoned him, upbraided him, wept and prayed.

他母亲把他叫到跟前训斥了一番，又哭哭啼啼地向上帝祷告。

7. Remembrance [rɪˈmembrəns] 记忆；回忆；纪念；纪念品。

第二段：And for the same reason, those that are advanced by degrees, are less envied than those that are advanced suddenly and per saltum.

储琢佳译：同样的道理，那些地位逐步提升的人，较之一夜之间飞黄腾达，跻身权贵之列的人要少招人嫉妒。

1. Advance [ədˈvæns] 前进，行进；（知识、技术等）发展，进步；促进；推动，文中advanced是其过去分词形式。如柯林斯词典例句：

Medical technology has advanced considerably.

医学技术突飞猛进。

2. By degrees 逐渐地；慢慢地，如金融时报例句：

Beijing, by degrees, is loosening its grip.

北京方面正逐步放松管制。

3. Per saltum 一跃。

第三段：We will add this in general, touching the affection of envy; that of all other affections, it is the most importune and continual. For of other affections, there is occasion given, but now and then; and therefore it was well said, Invidia festos dies non agit: for it is ever working upon some or other.

储琢佳译：这里再对嫉妒这种情绪做一点补充总结。在人类的一切情感中，嫉妒是最顽强、最持久的，而别的情绪不过是偶然有感而发。因此古语说得好：“嫉妒永不休假。”因为它总是在不停地寻找针对的目标。

1. Affection [əˈfekʃn] 情感；爱情；喜爱，如金融时报例句：

Once we had those, we could turn to the need for love, affection and a feeling of belonging.

一旦我们满足了这些需求，我们就可能转向爱情、情感和归属感的需求。

2. Importune [ˌɪmpɔːrˈtuːn] 纠缠；再三要求。

3. Now and then偶尔，时而，不时，如柯林斯词典例句：

Now and then they heard the roar of a heavy truck.

他们不时地听到大卡车的轰鸣声。

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