MTI翻硕：知识文学与力量文学，第18届韩素音翻译大赛参考译文∣文学翻译和专八翻译
原文
What is it that we mean by literature? Popularly, and amongst the thoughtless, it is held to include everything that is printed in a book. Little logic is required todisturb that definition. The most thoughtless person is easily made aware that in the idea of literature one essential element is some relation to a general and common interest of man—so that what applies only to a local, or professional, or merely personal interest, even though presenting itself in the shape of a book, will not belong to Literature. So far the definition is easily narrowed; and it is as easily expanded. For not only is much that takes a station in books not literature; but inversely, much that really is literature never reaches a station in books.
官方参考译文
我们所说的“文学”是什么呢？人们，尤其是对此欠考虑者，普遍会认为：文学包括印在书本中的一切。可这种定义无需多少理由便可被推翻。最缺乏思考的人也很容易明白，“文学”这一概念中有个基本要素，即文学或多或少都与人类普遍而共同的兴趣有关；因此，那些仅适用于某一局部、某一行业或仅仅处于个人兴趣的作品，即便以书的形式面世，也不该属于“文学”。就此而论，文学之定义很容易变窄，而它同样也不难拓宽。因为不仅有许多跻身于书卷之列的文字并非文学作品，而且与之相反，不少真正的文学著作却未曾付梓成书。
单词解析
第一、二句：What is it that we mean by literature? Popularly, and amongst the thoughtless, it is held to include everything that is printed in a book.
我们所说的“文学”是什么呢？人们，尤其是对此欠考虑者，普遍会认为：文学包括印在书本中的一切。
1. Amongst [əˈmʌŋst] （表示范围）在…之内；（表示位置）处在…中，相当于among。
2. Thoughtless [ˈθɔːtləs] 不经思考的；粗心的；欠考虑的；轻率；没大脑，同义词是inconsiderate。
今天的the thoughtless是the+形容词表示一类人的用法。
3. it is held to include everything that is printed in a book这里面有一个句型it is held to，含义是“人们认为”，如经济学人上有这样一个句子：
Walking for walking's sake may be as highly laudable and exemplary a thing as it is held to be by those who practise it.
为散步而散步被那些习惯散步的人认为是非常值得称赞与效法的。
第三句：Little logic is required to disturb that definition.
可这种定义无需多少理由便可被推翻。
1. Logic [ˈlɑːdʒɪk] 思维方式；解释方法；逻辑；(做某事的)道理，合乎情理的原因；理由；逻辑学，今天这里取义“理由”。
2. Disturb [dɪˈstɜːrb] 打扰；干扰；妨碍；搅乱；弄乱；搞乱；使焦虑；使不安；使烦恼。
第四句：The most thoughtless person is easily made aware that in the idea of literature one essential element is some relation to a general and common interest of man—so that what applies only to a local, or professional, or merely personal interest, even though presenting itself in the shape of a book, will not belong to Literature.
最缺乏思考的人也很容易明白，“文学”这一概念中有个基本要素，即文学或多或少都与人类普遍而共同的兴趣有关；因此，那些仅适用于某一局部、某一行业或仅仅处于个人兴趣的作品，即便以书的形式面世，也不该属于“文学”。
1. essential [ɪˈsenʃl] 完全必要的；必不可少的；极其重要的；本质的；基本的；根本的。
2. Be made aware that 意识到，明白，如中国日报例句：
Officials must be made aware of the fact that their power is granted by taxpayers.
必须让官员们意识到，他们的权力是由纳税人授予的。
3. In the shape of a book这里的in the shape of是一个固定表达，意思是“以……的形式”，相当于in the form of。
第五、六句：So far the definition is easily narrowed; and it is as easily expanded. For not only is much that takes a station in books not literature; but inversely, much that really is literature never reaches a station in books.
就此而论，文学之定义很容易变窄，而它同样也不难拓宽。因为不仅有许多跻身于书卷之列的文字并非文学作品，而且与之相反，不少真正的文学著作却未曾付梓成书。
1. not only is much that takes a station in books not literature这部分not only放句首，句子是部分倒装，正常的语序是not only much that takes a station in books is not literature， that takes a station in books是much的定语从句。
2. Station 火车站；公共汽车站；长途汽车站；站；所；局，位置，今天的station取义位置。
3. Books [bʊks] 今天的books不是书籍的意思，而是指书卷。
4. Inversely [ɪnˈvɜːs.li] 相反地；逆向地；反之；成反比地。
今天就分享这么多啦。
完整版译文链接：
http://www.gaozhaiedu.com/html/translationcompetition/hansuyinguojifanyidasa/20190326/1825.html
今天公众号“高斋翻硕”给大家分享第18届韩素音国际翻译比赛英译汉原文和官方参考译文节选，时间有限，这个号上暂时就发单词解析。公众号“高斋CATTI"和”高斋外刊双语精读“上有详细的汉译英讲解和外刊精读翻译讲解。
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MTI真题文学翻译解析：知识文学与力量文学
文章来源：高斋CATTI
发布时间：2021-05-11 14:36
作者：高斋CATTI
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