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健康周刊

Food safety

食品安全

Food safety: a public health priority

食品安全：一项公共卫生重点

Unsafe food poses global health threats, endangering everyone. Infants, young children, pregnant women, the elderly and those with an underlying illness are particularly vulnerable. Every year 220 million children contract diarrhoeal diseases and 96 000 die.

不安全的食品给全球卫生造成威胁，危及每个人。婴幼儿、孕妇、老人以及患有原发疾病的人群尤其脆弱。每年有2.2亿儿童感染腹泻病，并有9.6万例死亡。

Unsafe food creates a vicious cycle of diarrhoea and malnutrition, threatening the nutritional status of the most vulnerable. Where food supplies are insecure, people tend to shift to less healthy diets and consume more “unsafe foods” – in which chemical, microbiological and other hazards pose health risks.

不安全食品造成腹泻和营养不良的恶性循环，威胁最脆弱人群的营养状况。在粮食供应无保障的地方，人们往往转向不太健康的饮食，并消费更多的“不安全食品”——其中化学品、微生物和其它危害物给健康带来风险。

The Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2), held in Rome in November 2014, reiterated the importance of food safety in achieving better human nutrition through healthy nutritious diets. Improving food safety is thus a key in achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Governments should make food safety a public health priority, as they play a pivotal role in developing policies and regulatory frameworks, establishing and implementing effective food safety systems that ensure that food producers and suppliers along the whole food chain operate responsibly and supply safe food to consumers.

第二次国际营养会议于2014年11月在罗马举行，重申了食品安全的重要性，可保证通过营养丰富的健康饮食改善人们的营养状况。因此，加强食品安全是实现可持续发展目标的一个关键。各政府应当将食品安全作为一项公共卫生重点，它们在制定政策和监管框架以及建立和实施有效的食品安全系统方面发挥有重要作用，以便确保整个食品链中的食品生产商和供应商负责地运作并向消费者提供安全的食品。

Food can become contaminated at any point of production and distribution, and the primary responsibility lies with food producers. Yet a large proportion of foodborne disease incidents are caused by foods improperly prepared or mishandled at home, in food service establishments or markets. Not all food handlers and consumers understand the roles they must play, such as adopting basic hygienic practices when buying, selling and preparing food to protect their health and that of the wider community.

食品可能在生产和销售的任何环节遭受污染，主要责任在于食品生产商。但一大部分食源性疾病事件系因在家中、食品服务机构或市场中不正确制备或不当处理食品而导致。不是所有食品处理者和消费者都了解他们自己必须发挥的作用，如在购买、销售和制备食品时采取基本的个人卫生措施以保护自身健康以及更广泛的社区健康。

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